SteamyTea

Do you really want a wood burner, there is a reason the emissions have been reviewed and tightened up. Pollution killed 9 million people worldwide in 2019 alone Pollution accounted for one in six deaths three years ago, a figure that is unchanged since the last analysis in 2015 HEALTH 17 May 2022 By Jason Arunn Murugesu A stock image of smoke and steam being emitted from an industrial plant Ian McKinnell / Alamy Pollution killed 9 million people globally in 2019, accounting for one in six deaths, an analysis suggests. Rich Fuller at the Global Alliance on Health and Pollution in Switzerland and his colleagues first assessed the impact of pollution on premature deaths in 2015, similarly finding it caused 9 million fatalities. To uncover how pollution-related deaths may have changed, the team repeated the analysis for 2019, using data from the ongoing Global Burden of Diseases Study. “The thing with pollution is that no one actually dies from pollution directly,” says Fuller. “They die because pollution gives them a disease that then kills them.” The team found that the overall number of pollution-related deaths is unchanged from 2015. However, fatalities caused by household air pollution specifically, for example burning wood indoors, fell from 2.9 million in 2015 to 2.3 million in 2019 as many countries switched to cleaner fuels. Read more: Harmful air pollution now affects 99 per cent of everyone on Earth Deaths due to outdoor air pollution, however, rose from 4.2 million to 4.5 million. This is due to increasing numbers of cars and factories, says Fuller. Burning fossil fuels releases fine particulate matter with a maximum diameter of 2.5 micrometres, called PM2.5. This can go deep into our bodies, and has been linked to heart disease and some cancers. Lead pollution is also rising globally, although it is unclear why. In 2015, the researchers estimated lead caused 500,000 deaths, a figure they now estimate to be at least 900,000. Overall, more than 90 per cent of pollution-related deaths occur in low and middle-income countries, according to the team. “Much of the pollution comes from the rapid industrialisation of many of these countries,” says Fuller. The latest analysis is based on data from before the covid-19 pandemic. In the UK, lockdowns temporarily led to fewer vehicles on roads, easing symptoms for people with conditions like asthma. The pandemic’s effect on future pollution analyses is unclear, says Fuller. “I know that air pollution went down during the pandemic but it’s back up again now,” he says. Fuller hopes the results will led to better pollution monitoring and awareness. “Pollution is one of the three major global issues of our time,” he says. “It is climate change, a loss of biodiversity and pollution.” “The number of global early deaths from exposure to pollution doesn’t surprise me,” says Eloise Marais at University College London. “What’s most concerning is the lack of adoption of measures to address the issue”. Journal reference: The Lancet Planetary Health, DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00090-0

Assuming that was going to be the location of a radiator, why would you fit on to an external wall.

Interesting. Will have to ponder those charts and then see. I still wonder about making my old storage heaters fan assisted. I like the idea of using magnets to attach things.

Brilliant. You going to add some monitoring while you are at it?

Yes, a GRP roof, easy to attach and seal to. I think the original FiT system put, through financial return, too much emphasis on maximum yields. The practicalities of using generation should be considered carefully. Battery storage is a way of not having to think too hard about this, but is really a failure of design contingency system.

Probably less complicated than a radiator system. Less than a radiator system, unless you surface mount all pipework. Pump in enough energy (heating), or pump out enough energy (cooling) and that problem vanishes. I think you may be confusing the thermal distribution system i.e. UFH, radiators, forced air, with the heat source i.e GSHP, ASHP, oil burner, gas boiler system (2 types) etc. Get a proper thermal model done at the design stage, this will include the appropriate amount of insulation for UFH, and an air change target i.e. Less than 1.5. The better, thermally, you make your house perform, the smaller the heating system needed. Small problems are easy to solve.

Who knows, train line to London was good, M25 was nearby. Could get to shops in Hemel, Watford and Hatfield fairly quickly. Canal was nice. Not so keen on Borehamwood and South Oxhey. In my youth it was only 3 1/4 hours from decent surfing. Better surfing is now only 10 minutes away, but I am not youthful anymore.

I think they are probably starting from a different place. Option 1 for ASHP (use that slab as a store and stop heat going to the ground). Option 2 with gas boiler running at relative high flow temperatures. Latest regulation will force you to have Option 1 anyway (low temperature systems).

Minerals and vegetables as well

Yes, I have a new job for him, lighthouse keeper at Noup Head.

A drawing/pictures may be useful then a creative solution may magic itself up.

The thicker the better. Are you going to be installing UFH as well?

Is this your biggest problem in choosing a mounting system?

I have been pondering getting an ASHP for 18 years now. Had at least that number of sexual partners, they are all hopeless blowtorch and paintbrush.

Thanks

I wish the Gulf Stream would stop, cloudy this morning. Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is the posh term. Clouds are interesting as we think of them as cooling the UK, they cool between the tropics more, and we would be in real trouble if there was less of them.

Not strictly true as in the UK, which is in an odd location, we are more affected by sea surface temperatures and wind direction. The reason that solar irradiation is reduced is because the sun's photons have to pass though a longer path through the atmosphere due to the tilt of the Earth, and they then hit the land/ocean at an oblique angle, which, in effect, spreads the power out over a larger area. Cloud cover also makes a huge difference, clouds can form in a number of ways, but are usually a combination of tempratre,, air pressure and humidity (why exceptionally warm oceans can cause more clouds and rain at higher latitudes). The solar constant, 1.361 kW.m-2 does not vary much (actually goes up slightly during the Norther Hemisphere winter, and is not a constant in the true scientific term, just an average, adjusted to 1 AU). This is why having a steep angle on the roof can be useful for winter PV production.

Right. Don't suppose you have the thermal bridging mitigation details to hand.

Is it block and beam your foundation?

Ukraine Looking down the barrel of a captured tank

If it was as good, for the overall thickness, then everyone would be using it.

Which do you punch out, the bigger/taller one, or the smaller one. Or is it done in leaf size.

Another way to look at it is how much it costs to borrow. At 10%pa, the interest is £200 a year. 55p a day. But we currently have a bank rate of 1%. Not had a mortgage for over 20 years, but the rate is probably 3%.

My phone had an update the other day, it now seems to randomly put any word in it feels like it. There must be something special in your dirt.

Welcome. Used to live I. Herts, there are some nice parts.