saveasteading

I can't have been paying attention. What legislation is this?

The steel works have closed because the UK can't compete with China and Mexico etc. It's not because of pollution. China uses coal and cheap labour, but we aren't about to change that. It gets confusing when such arguments are mixed up with the current subject of sustainable energy, and I expect it is meant to muddy the waters.. Nothing is simple in reality. Britain had the industrial revolution because of sufficient resources at the time to benefit from scientific and technological innovation. We don't have the underground resources any longer and the populace don't want the dangerous dirty, low paid work that made Britain rich, and the Empire. Other countries do that. Thus steel making is from elsewhere, and will stay that way. There isn't a magic solution, or any right to have cars and houses and foreign holidays. Yet there is is that expectation. It's simple really..... No more mass housing outwith the cities, which generates traffic and the expectation of the right to space and cars. Infrastructure has to be designed and integrated from the outset. An agricultural policy that makes use of all appropriate land. Foreign holidays may have to stop. Wind and solar. Air source heating. It will be more primitive but that is a matter of expectation, and will be accepted through habit and necessity. The biggest problem is who is going to make the decision and tell the public. They mostly don't want any change and revolt.

Accepted. I was thinking of the bad years and construction, when costs were galloping. But now, 4% annually will be about 40% in a decade.

Is that an option? Along the railway lines which are an existing network to all areas of the country?

If it's not something you're familiar with, then it's worth buying a pack of screws with plugs, so you know they are compatible, even though you only need a few. I'd recommend a big brand too like Rawl or Fischer. Get stainless steel screws if there is a choice. Something like this.

Sums. When it is +/-/×/÷. Called calculations to impress those who can't do it. Maths when pythagorus is involved, and beyond. Then at some stage it becomes philosophy.

Tarrifs for power and water crossing the border? A fairly normal rule of thumb for inflation. Have you seen the amount of wind and solar in Spain. Add them to your map. And hydro in Norway and nuclear in France and....so on. A wedge being a useful thing for stability you mean?

Except that it may be a very bad thing to build a dam that might fail, or a river diversion that might hasten water flow. I think it's sensible to check, although tiny spillways are obv not going to be a problem. But how would you define the cutoff?

I didn't read it but may do. Gets a heart for effort whatever.

Heavy person clunk's down near one end. That's a big and sudden force. Both bolts take the initial impact but then there is rotation about the bottom bolt as a pivot, and tension on the top where there is a hole and a very short distance to the edge. So it may crack due to either or both the vertical load or the rotation. I had a similar bench at our office, only used for staff breaks in good weather. But it lasted 15 years and then was stolen by an outgoing tenant. It was sturdier than yours and didn't have that close to edge fixing. Were there 3 bolts? I can't remember but there isn't space on yours for a third.

It depends on every shiny surface facing an air void, and reflecting energy back where it came from. As soon as it is touching a hard surface or compressed then that supposed property is lost. Plasterboard with a foil face was once sold on this princople but this is no longer claimed. I read that their lab tests are done their own way. I would consider multifoil or bubble wrap to take the chill or heat off an attic or outbuilding, because it would be thin and easy to pin up.

I am only replying so that I can click the follow topic button. I've got tbanging and a hot header tank twice a day. Probably, we think, linked to timers and zones switching off. Isn't it amazing that there isn't an obvious solution. It's just hot water and pipes.

To me, That's not a joke. I don't know Nod but a huge amount of increased efficiency is possible at any level with a few tweaks from an all-rounder. Joined up thinking. The main difficulty is the resistance from the powers that be. Systems in government ( necessary to some extent) , inertia, and as always the people doing fine as things are....landowners and developers.

And probably extend drains that currently go into them. Presumably you know what flows where.

Diy. Saw, hammer, nails.

Timber works the same as steel. The principles are the same, but the product is more variable., and it is easier to adapt.

Oh there certainly is, especially in steel. In the day job we mostly look at tables of the properties of materials. Someone has done the complex maths, combined with experiments, and the properties of standard steel sections, for example, is already done and published. That save lots of time. If you want to look at the principles of everyday steel design, I have a book in front of me Structural Steel design to BS 5950 by Morris and Plum. It was published in 1988 so you might find it second hand and explore the maths...Gus will know if it is superseded. It is very accessible but uses the published tables. Behind it is much more complex maths which you will find if you want, but it is the stuff of academics and not used as everyday. BUT I studied this stuff and am qualified. But I have forgotten most, and so only work on simple beams and subcontract to people who do it as the day job. Then there is concrete, which is done more from first principles because of the infinite variety. Actually I am wrong. First principles involves serious calculus and again leads to tables that are used for real stuff. And, for example, the Sydney Opera House is not out of books at all. Buy a couple of books I say. You will look at beams and portal frames differently. Oh and another difference is that a surgeon works in a familiar environment with a fairly standard subject. But every construction site is different, even for a repeat building. and wet and windy or hot and dry. This sort of stuff? Elastic section modulus Equation (9.10) may be written in the form σx,1=MZe,1σx,2=MZe,2 in which the terms Ze,1(=I/y1) and Ze,2(=I/y2) are known as the elastic section moduli of the cross section. For a beam section having the z axis as an axis of symmetry, say, y1=y2 and Ze,1=Ze,2=Ze. Then, numerically σx,1=σx,2=MZe

Good point. But do we know that? If the rock stratum is reasonably horizontal, perhaps not.

about 15 years? Thanks all. I will rummage through the tins and choose anything that looks right but also take up some wood screws. Or sticky tape round the box and timber tie. It struck me as a BH thing that I'm asking for advice on 2p worth of screws while discussing someone's piling project to save tens of thousands.

I'm wondering why they wouldn't stop when they hit the rock.

What a mess I found in the attic, of electricians and plumbers offcuts, empty boxes and reels, and insulation not replaced. Then I saw the cover for this sitting on the insulation. Looking up I saw that the cover had never been fitted. More than somewhat dangerous.There are no screws. To save me going up with my boxes of mixed, handy screws, are these going to be standard sizes in thread and length?

You absolutely need the ground report to be emailable, because they will want to see it for a quick look before any other discussion. Their sales people are technical specialists who will know from a glance what they can offer. I should say, that your Engineer cannot know the relative costs of all options, or how they affect the total build cost, and I often changed the process from what the clients' original designer had suggested. And presumably you aren't paying them enough to do this management for you. So get on the phone to the pilers....with the ground report ready to ping to them.

Keller. I used keller loads of times, especially on poor ground. Esp vibro replacrment. Bullivants have interesting alternatives too.

I've had a lot done so let me try to help. I'm not disagreeing with anything above. 10m is a long way indeed. That doesn't seem right for a domestic loading, so a completely different piling method may be better. These will be end bearing and the ground above must be very poor. Do not discount the big companies as they have knowledge and various options that are not end bearing. You say 10m long but it is on a very steep slope. Is the underlying solid surface the same slope then? If the ground is so poor and sloping has anyone checked that it won't all slide downhill? Piles don't like bending. The photo from @ProDaveis like a building I did 25 years ago on decent ground. Just pads and columns up to a common level. I used plastic pipes for column shutters too. It's still there. The bits you see are not necessarily by the piling company, but a groundworker, so cheaper. We really are guessing though without the ground report. It says 'download failed' .

There must be 200m of cable up there. I will cover this area though as it clearly appeals. Expanded metal is a good idea. We can hear scurrying in the attic today, but the bait is going uneaten. Maybe there is plenty of food outside and they just come for the warmth and to multiply. At least they will not eat cable before the blue wheat.