Temperature is a measure of mean, free path, molecular velocity.
Sound a mouthful, but it is just the average we measure.
When something is heated up, some molecules will travel, or vibrate, slower, while others will travel or vibrate faster.
Those faster ones are at a higher temperature than the slower ones, with the bulk, being in the middle.
So while the heat source may be set to 52°C, there will be times it is a bit higher, and times it is a little cooler.
That is before density change is taken into account. Though with a UVC this is not so important compared to a vented cylinders.