In all honesty I think you need to appoint a good architect. Not an architectural designer - an architect who knows how to build, design and who knows the Building Regulations.
I get the impression that you are not content with what your own designer has come up with otherwise why would you ask for feedback from an anonymous internet forum.
If you have been advised that you need fire doors downstairs and a wacking great big void to below is acceptable you’ve been misled.
A two storey dwelling doesn’t need fire doors unless you are creating a protected staircase and why go to the expense or inconvenience of doing so if you don’t need to.
I do think you are missing a trick - a great architect will create a building which is a joy to live in rather than just individual spaces. You could have had an atrium in the middle with courtyard (like many Mediterranean houses) or used the shell of the building as just a shell and created a series of buildings within the shell.
I am by no means a fantastic architect but I do consider myself to be pragmatic and practical perhaps to the extent of boring but I can recognise talent and to be honest I don’t think your proposal is the best it could be. I’m also fairly versed in the Building Regulations although in my UK region we are slightly behind England - we would be less flexible in relation to fire control.
Don't get triggered - the members here are genuinely interested and have offered some - largely - practical advice.
Good luck and I hope you get sorted.