The entire brick facade (either side of the bay and above) are as one.
That’s how the upstairs brickwork is defying gravity.
The first floor joist probably carry on and protrude out through gaps in the brickwork, like fingers, which forms the structure that makes the canopy.
Other option is that there’s just a timber framework fixed to the brickwork, like a tent frame, and the downstairs bay forms some of the structural strength.
A lot of these types of arrangements often used hardwood
window frames to bear loads, and then they got cut out and replaced with uPVC, and then these show signs of failure associated with weight bearing on them (which they can’t cope with).