SteamyTea

That size is basically a small spa bath. Get a separate ASHP for it and keep it covered. If you get a nice rash on your body, change the water. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23358-hot-tub-folliculitis

Only one U-Value = 1/ (thickness / k-Value)

I think it is because it is hard to fit it without a lot a time and carefulness. Large steel buildings have roofs that are PU/PIR sandwiched between steels sheets, I think @saveasteading may know more about this.

And find they are governed by the same Laws of Thermodynamics. The real problem is that too many people want to ignore the science.

It really comes down to what you want to achieve with thermal storage. There is energy input types. Input temperatures. Output Temperatures. Output Flow Rates (power). Storage Quantity (energy). Physical size. Overall Mass. Easy of Plumbing. Acceptable Thermal Losses. I have an all electric (E7), small house. My DHW is a 200lt, gravity fed, system that is pumped to the shower. Works fine and has done for 20 years (had to change the old cylinder when it was 20something years old. In all honesty, there is not really going to be much difference, on a small system, whichever type you choose, especially if you only have one energy input type i.e. electricity.

That is the air exiting your dungeon though.

It is an hour earlier here, but it isn't really as I am 7° West of you.

100 kWh.m-2.year-1

My RPi Zero W is still working. It logs and sends the data via the TOR network (did that bit just for fun).

It will be caused by the backfill, so probably very low in reality. It is more a starting point, rather than a finished formula. I am not sure how 'soils' react over time, the N.s will have an affect, but it is probably a differential equation dN/dt of some sort, i.e. as time passes, the movement gets less. One thing about foundations for lightweight buildings is that they may be limited if say, a bungalow is converted to a 2 storey place.

You could try this one, is used in cold forging. Where: Yf = flow stress of the material (Pa) A = cross-section area of the workpiece (m2) r = instantaneous radius of the workpiece (m) h = instantaneous height of the workpiece (m) µ = coefficient of friction between the die and the workpiece

It was not the impact of the 737s that brought down the Twin Towers, it was the softening and associated bucking of the steelwork. As @Gus Potter says, fire is a terrible thing. Is your oven stainless steel? There is a reason that SpaceX use it for rocket bodies, repeatedly.

Not in the aviation/transport industries, maybe @TerryE can shed some light on those, I think that he was involved with it when he went to work. Almost the title of one of my favourite songs.

Too much information; where is the mind bleach.

Oi, newtons. I take it that becomes 0.6 or 0.45m (wide) by 0.2m (high). As that has a mass, (volume times density, so around 250 to 327 kg, or in Roman Catholic up to 3.2 kN) it needs to be added to the static force. Is that right? Also, how how are unusual impact loads dealt with, these can be much, much higher that normal daily loads i.e. a piano can sit for years on the floor, but when Elton John pops around, dumps himself on the stool, it can bring the house down. May account for the extra large footware.