PV modules (the individual cells) are fixed voltage devices, basically diodes), as @JohnMo mentioned earlier, it is the current that varies with light intensity.
Modules are tested to a standard format, "The reference condition called standard test conditions (STC) is commonly used and assumes 1000 W/m2 solar irradiance, AM1.5 spectrum, and a cell temperature of 77°F(25°C)" (more here), it is not difficult to exceed those conditions (even in the UK), so a lot easier to put in a safety factor.
Putting cables into conduit can affect the amount of current they can carry (similar to passing cables though insulation). There are standards for this as well.
DC cables also carry, for a given size, a different amount to AC cables (usually more but not much in this situation, more at higher voltages).
On this site, there is no price difference between them.