SteamyTea

In the oil industry, there is a distinction between Produce and Refine. I lived on a West Indian island that produced no petroleum products at all, but refined 335,000 barrel/day. In the past the USA used a lot of heating oil for domestic heating. This is not the case so much these days. https://www.costinspector.com/research/home-heating-fuel

If I remember correctly, XPS retains less water and is used for areas that may get damp, so are used for foundations. The Building Regs has a bit about it.

Getting some data from here: https://data.nordpoolgroup.com/auction/gb-half-hour/prices?deliveryDate=2026-09-19&currency=GBP&aggregation=DeliveryPeriod&deliveryAreas=UK Plotting Price and Volume, you get this. Not sure that increasing price has much to do with volume. (a lot more data point would be needed, but had a busy day and I am tired. The peak price was between 18:00 and 20:00, but the biggest draw was 07:00 to 08:00 and the price was negative) Delivery Period MWH £ 23:00 - 00:00 198.5 46.21 00:00 - 01:00 166.3 34.42 01:00 - 02:00 112.6 15.88 02:00 - 03:00 123.9 4 03:00 - 04:00 229.9 -1 04:00 - 05:00 323.1 -1.64 05:00 - 06:00 397.9 -1.64 06:00 - 07:00 377 -1.63 07:00 - 08:00 464.6 -1.66 08:00 - 09:00 274.5 3.3 09:00 - 10:00 112.3 4.43 10:00 - 11:00 154.6 3.1 11:00 - 12:00 210 -1.46 12:00 - 13:00 188.2 -1.24 13:00 - 14:00 173.7 -1.6 14:00 - 15:00 177.6 -0.09 15:00 - 16:00 86.6 4.32 16:00 - 17:00 124.1 9.35 17:00 - 18:00 349.7 65.1 18:00 - 19:00 152 106.32 19:00 - 20:00 156.4 106.8 20:00 - 21:00 191.2 96.82 21:00 - 22:00 151.9 86.04 22:00 - 23:00 109.2 62.56

I can tell you what happens when abseiling goes wrong. I was abseiling, for the first time ever, near St. Just. The idea was to save a few minutes scrabbling down the 'long way around'. I had a new back pack on with the climbing gear inside. A few metres down, I heard a snap, and I was then hanging upside down. The buckle of my new back pack had come undone, the pack swivelled downwards, changing my centre of balance, leaving me head first about 50 metres above a granite slab. So what then happens. Vomit.

Just coat the roof with this stuff. https://gbr.sika.com/en/distribution/roofing/roof-repair/everbuild-liquidroof.html

How will the grid react if individual homes are responding to frequency/voltage variation. A million homes can increase, or decrease, consumption in a few minutes, even a small generator takes several minutes to react, a large one a few hours. Can you model a central control, using historical data, against a million independent agents 'doing their own thing'? Will there to too many limits on independent systems to make it worth while?

Reducing the size of the window would lower the energy input into the room.

I did this a while back, may, or may not, help.

They have a population of 5.6million, so much easier to manage. They also lived with a huge political system threat next door for a couple of generations. Substitute Norway for Piddington and you may start to understand how a 'common enemy', can help any cause.

Can you put a cash value on that, or at least offer some sort of warrantee/guarantee/indemnity against errors and extra, unexpected costs?

It was partly because of the insecure coal supply that we changed to gas. The insecurity was caused by the British labour force. We had out first interconnect to France in 1961, a 160 MW.

I am quite looking forward to £2/litre at the pump. Will give me something to really moan about, over my £3.75 cup of coffee. Anything to push inflation up is good in my books at the moment, youngsters get their mortgages reduced in real terms, and my not too distant state pension goes up. What is not to like.

Really easy. Imagine you are taking a picture of spinning turbine. At a slow shutter speed, you get blurring of the blades. From the arc a blurred blade covers, and it's length, you can work out the angular speed, radians per second. Increase the shutter speed and you get less of a blurred arc, but a better idea of where the blade actually is. But if you keep reducing the shutter speed, you get to a point where you get a clear picture of the blade, but no idea how fast it is rotating. You also get 1/∞ which is a nonsense fraction, to a Plank Length is substituted, 1.8 x 10-35m, this is considered the smallest length that can still show information, and where quantum affects start to dominate. But to make matters worse, because the turbine is spinning, and the camera isn't, relativistic effects start to happen, changing the length of the turbine blade's arc, this is known as Lorentz–FitzGerald contraction. At this point, Newtonian Physics and traditional modern mathematics breaks down and witchcraft takes over. As for where to place a hob, the answer is quite simple, but can't be bothered to explain it.

They are for pansies. Apply the below and you will still be 'out' a bit. ΔxΔp≥ℏ/2ΔxΔp≥ℏ/2 where Δx is the uncertainty in position, Δp is the uncertainty in momentum, and ℏ is the reduced Planck's constant.

The calculations are pretty simple to work out the thermal losses to the ground. If we assume that ground is at 10°C and the room at 20°C and the insulation has a k-value of 0.04 W.m-1.K-1, then: U-Value = 1 / (l.k) where: l= insulation thickness U-Value = 0.7 W.m-2.K-1 So losses with a 10K temperature difference is 7 W.m-2, so an extra 35 W for the full 5m2 So very little is lost to the ground. Now the problem is really how hot will the floor actually need to be to heat the kitchen.

I see it happening for only one reason, iron reacting with oxygen. Everything else just affects the speed and penetration. [Iron can react with other elements i.e. hydrogen, fluorine]

Only if they are at the same temperature, which they won't be very often.

Difficult one. Can you post a picture up? You may find that a non foaming flexible PU adhesive is better than expanding foam.

Rather than forcing people to buy BEVs, why not fine people £1000 if their cars are loud, say over 75dB. Was tailgated by a nob in a black Merc yesterday. Even though we were in a 20MPH zone, with lots of traffic, he still felt the need to declutch and redline his engine. I am currently sitting, 8n the sun, by the same stretch of road. Lots of traffic as school run is just finishing. Here is the screenshot of my decibelimeter.

I have just started to clear out my shed so that I can replace it. Just about everything in it has mould or rust. Timber going mouldy is a tricky one, some just attracts it, other timbers don't. Ventilation and keeping the RH low is the only answer. The easy way to do that is with heating and a small wall fan. You could try a tray of water softener salt, that absorbs what when the RH is above 50%

Here is the other side of the story about our electrical energy. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0031h8j It is by Jonathan Ford, so be warned, it is not exactly unbiased.

And building huge flood defences, reorganising food supplies, dealing with greater fuel insecurities, health care will have new priorities. There is a lot to consider. Turning off lights, adding solar panels and driving less is mitigation.

There is a saying. "If you think education is expensive, try ignorance"

Global mean temperatures are currently higher than normal/expected, but some places will be colder than expected, and others hotter. Those variances will drive local weather.

Should add in geospatial to that. What we do know is that global temperatures are higher than the long term average, so more energy in the system. We also know that global absolute humidity is higher than long term averages, so more water available. We also know that the key parts of the Pacific are higher than long term averages, so a larger unbalanced heat source. We also know that Arctic Polar Ice is lower than normal, so a smaller heat sink.