Only if an engineer says so. There are a couple of products out there peddling this "truth". Ultimately, if an engineer says it needs rebar, it needs rebar.
As far as sustainability is concerned. Saveasteading is right about the end of life options for an ICF build but bare in mind that 1, the life of the ICF build is at least twice that of a stick build, if not four times; 2, tree farming is one of the least sustainable farming practices on the planet and 3, an ICF done correctly will need less maintenance throughout our it's life.